Preface
The explosive growth in personal mobile electronics has not only driven continuous improvement in image quality and power efficiency of existing
displays, but also has nourished rapid development of novel ones that could have multiple functions. A stylish display has become a key factor for
consumers when choosing an electronic device. Among various display technologies such as organic light-emitting displays (OLEDs), super-twisted
nematic (STN), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and electronic ink (e-ink), active matrix LCDs dominate the mobile display market owing to their
capacity to provide high resolution and full color with high contrast and a wide viewing angle, and good legibility under different ambient conditions.
A characteristic of LCDs in terms of maintaining vitality in the market is our ability to make advances in most of their components, from the backplane
backlight unit to the front polarizer and anti-reflection film. With the rising demand for outdoor image readability in portable displays,
two parallel research and development directions in novel LCDs are:
(i) developing high brightness transmissive LCDs that adaptively adjust the backlight output according to different ambient light conditions, and
(ii) developing transflective LCDs that incorporate both transmissive and reflective functions into one display. The first approach maintains the superior image quality and simple device architecture of the transmissive mode,
but its power consumption will be too high even for a short time use to enable it to compete with reflected sunlight, resulting in a short battery life. Trans-
flective LCDs, on the other hand, utilize sunlight as an external light source for outdoor applications, thus their power consumption is relatively low. In
addition, their outdoor ambient contrast ratio can be almost independent of the lighting conditions to maintain good image legibility. But the image。。。。。。
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